Fold increasing in glyolytic pathway intermediate metabolites in cancer cells versus differentiated cells

Range ~100 Fold
Organism Mammalian tissue culture cell
Reference Mazurek S, Boschek CB, Hugo F, Eigenbrodt E. Pyruvate kinase type M2 and its role in tumor growth and spreading. Semin Cancer Biol. 2005 Aug15(4):300-8 p.303 left column 3rd paragraphPubMed ID15908230
Comments P.303 left column 3rd paragraph: "At a first glance, it may appear paradoxical that tumor cells with high rates of glucose-consumption and lactate production possess a pyruvate kinase isoenzyme which is inactive. However, the inactive dimeric form of M2-PK which is not associated within the glycolytic enzyme complex has the metabolic advantage that the phosphometabolites above pyruvate kinase, such as PEP, glycerate 3-P, glyceraldehyde 3-P, fructose 1,6-P2, ribose-5P and 5-ribose-PP accumulate and are then available as precursors for synthetic processes, such as nucleic acid, amino acid and phospholipid synthesis which all branch off glycolysis (Fig. 1, Table 1) [refs 5,12,15,22,23,26]. The mass of ribose 5-P is synthesized by the transketolase/transaldolase reaction due to an inhibition of the oxidative pentose-P cycle by high fructose 1,6-P2 levels [ref 39]. In tumor cells, phosphometabolite levels are about 100-fold higher than in differentiated cells."
Entered by Paul Jorgensen
ID 100792