Number of times eyes evolved independently

Value 40 times or more
Organism Metazoa animals
Reference Fernald RD. Casting a genetic light on the evolution of eyes. Science. 2006 Sep 29 313(5795):1914-8 DOI: 10.1126/science.1127889 p.1917 left column 2nd paragraphPubMed ID17008522
Primary Source [32] L. V. Salvini-Plawen, E. Mayr, Evol. Biol. 10, 207 (1977)
Comments P.1917 left column 2nd paragraph: "Historical views on eye evolution have flip-flopped, alternately favoring one or many origins. Because members of the opsin gene family are needed for phototransduction in all animal eyes, a single origin was first proposed. But subsequent morphological comparisons suggested that eyes evolved 40 or more times independently (primary source): this finding is based on, among other things, the distinct ontogenetic origins of eyes in different species (ref 33)."
Entered by Uri M
ID 117182