---

Sources of nucleotide carbon if glucose, glutamine, and serine are assumed to be the sole carbon sources

Range	glucose 60%-80%: glutamine 10%-20%: serine ~15% %
Organism	Mammalian tissue culture cell
Reference	Hosios AM et al., Amino Acids Rather than Glucose Account for the Majority of Cell Mass in Proliferating Mammalian Cells. Dev Cell. 2016 Mar 7 36(5):540-9. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.02.012 p.545 left column top paragraphPubMed ID26954548
Method	Abstract: "[Investigators] quantified the fraction of cell mass derived from different nutrients and found that the majority of carbon mass in cells is derived from other amino acids, which are consumed at much lower rates than glucose and glutamine."
Comments	P.545 left column top paragraph: "Serine carbon exhibited relative incorporation into cell mass similar to that of glutamine carbon. While the majority of serine carbon was found in protein, serine carbon was also recovered in nucleic acids, in agreement with the known role of serine in providing both one-carbon units and glycine for nucleotide biosynthesis (Labuschagne et al., 2014, Lunt and Vander Heiden, 2011). Valine carbon was traced exclusively into protein. If glucose, glutamine, and serine are assumed to be the sole carbon sources for nucleic acids (glycine is likely a minor contributor as it is excreted by these cells, see Figure 1), these data suggest that glucose supplies 60%–80% of nucleotide carbon, and glutamine and serine supply 10%–20% and ∼15%, respectively."
Entered by	Uri M
ID	116052