| Range |
nearly all RNA viruses examined 10^–2 to 10^–5: most viruses within one order of magnitude of 10^−3 substitution/site/year
|
| Organism |
RNA viruses |
| Reference |
Duffy S, Shackelton LA, Holmes EC. Rates of evolutionary change in viruses: patterns and determinants. Nat Rev Genet. 2008 Apr9(4):267-76 p.270 right column & p.271 left column top paragraphPubMed ID18319742
|
| Primary Source |
[32] Jenkins, G. M., Rambaut, A., Pybus, O. G. & Holmes, E. C. Rates of molecular evolution in RNA viruses: a quantitative phylogenetic analysis. J. Mol. Evol. 54, 156–165 (2002). DOI: 10.1007/s00239-001-0064-3 [33] Hanada, K., Suzuki, Y. & Gojobori, T. A large variation in the rates of synonymous substitution for RNA viruses and its relationship to a diversity of viral infection and transmission modes. Mol. Biol. Evol. 21, 1074–1080 (2004). DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msh109PubMed ID11821909, 15014142
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| Comments |
P.270 right column to p.271 left column top paragraph: "Substitution rates in RNA viruses. Evolutionary change in many RNA viruses can be easily observed in real time, providing strong evidence for their rapid evolution [ref 7]. For nearly all RNA viruses examined, overall rates of nucleotide substitution fall in the range of 10^−2 to 10^−5 nucleotide substitutions per site, per year (subs/site/year)(primary sources), with most of the viruses exhibiting rates within one order of magnitude of 1×10^−3 subs/site/year. For an RNA virus with a genome of 10 kb, this is equivalent to the fixation of 10 substitutions per genome, per year, although there is a marked absence of estimates of substitution rate in dsRNA viruses. Although rates of non-synonymous substitution vary widely among RNA viruses (and among viral genes), these differences have only a small impact on overall substitution rates. For example, lower rates of non-synonymous change are found in viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors, reflecting the elevated purifying selection pressure that is associated with replication in diverse host species (refs 34, 35, 36, 37)." |
| Entered by |
Uri M |
| ID |
112772 |