Results
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| Property | Organism | Value | Units | ID | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Major radiation of conifer families | Plants | 250 - 65 | Mya | 113643 | Nystedt B et al., The... |
| First appearance of fossils of simple, horizontal burrows made by animals | Biosphere | ~555 | Mya | 113586 | Olivia P. Judson, The... |
| Number of species of conifers | Plants | ~630 species: representing ~70 currently recognized genera | N/A | 113644 | Nystedt B et al., The... |
| Number of distinctive cell types in most highly differentiated pre-Ediacaran eukaryote (before 635–542 Mya) | Valkyria spp. | ≥6 | distinctive cell types | 113588 | Butterfield NJ, Macr... |
| Duration of several early eukaryotic fossils without obvious morphological change | Eukaryotes | Trachyhystrichosphaera ~400: Tappania ≥600: Chuaria ⁄ Tawuia ~1000: Valeria >1100 | million years | 113589 | Butterfield NJ, Macr... |
| Dark respiration rate of F. vesiculosus from the Bothnian Sea and the Irish Sea | Brown alga Fucus vesiculosus | Table - link | N/A | 107950 | Brinza L, Nygård CA, Dring MJ... |
| Date of great oxidation event | Biosphere | ~2.4 | Billion years ago | 107048 | Buick R. When did oxygenic... |
| Growth rate anaerobically on xylose only | Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae | 0.12 | Hours^-1 | 106358 | Pitkänen JP, Rintala E... |
| Fraction of known animal species that are beetles | Biosphere | nearly 25 | % of all described species | 113119 | Hunt T et al., A com... |
| Dates of pronounced jump (~6 orders of magnitude) in maximum size of organisms | Biosphere | 1.9 Ga mid-Paleoproterozoic: 0.6-0.45 Ga Ediacaran through Ordovician | Ga | 107058 | Payne JL et al., Two-phase... |
| Divergence of eukaryotes and prokaryotes | Unspecified | ≥1,800 | Mya | 107476 | Editor: Dr. Robert A. Meyers... |
| Time when land plants first began to diverge | Plants | ~450-460 | Mya | 110277 | Dr. Ilia J. Leitch, Prof.... |
| Fraction of total gene sequences that are shared with other organism groups | Mouse Mus musculus | prokaryotes 23%: non-animal eukaryotes (protists, fungi, and plants) 29%: nonchordate animals 27 | % | 117010 | Gerhart J, Kirschner... |
| Time period over which birds and butterflies have evolved | Metazoa animals | birds ~160: butterflies >140 | million years ago | 117177 | Frentiu FD, Briscoe AD.... |
| Time it would take the ~5,400 current mammal species to evolve enough new history to restore net phylogenetic diversity (PD) to preanthropogenic levels | Biosphere | ~500,000 | years | 117257 | Davis M, Faurby S, Svenning... |
| Fraction of all species that are at high risk of extinction as of 2004 | Amphibians | ~40 | % of all species | 117259 | Wake DB, Koo MS. Amphibians.... |
| Fraction of the four billion species estimated to have evolved on the Earth over the last 3.5 billion years that are extinct | Biosphere | ~99 | % | 112752 | Barnosky AD et al., Has... |
| Rate of beneficial mutation (Ua) | Bacteria Escherichia coli | 2E-05 | 1/genome/generation | 112768 | Perfeito L, Fernandes L... |
| Estimated rates of beneficial mutation in E. coli & RNA viruses | Various | 1E-09 - 1E-08 | 1/genome/generation | 112769 | Perfeito L, Fernandes L... |
| Time that a recognized taxa in the fossil record lives | Generic | 1 - 10 | million years | 112640 | De Vos JM, Joppa LN,... |