Results
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| Property | Organism | Value | Units | ID | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of ATP hydrolysed to transmit a bit at a chemical synapse | Blowfly Calliphora vicina | 10000 | Unitless | 103553 | Laughlin SB, de Ruyter... |
| Number of molecules of rhodopsin in each rod cell | Mammals | ~40,000,000 | molecules/rod cell | 108323 | Arnadóttir J, Chalfie... |
| Index of refraction | Bacteria Escherichia coli | 1.04 | unitless | 109615 | Encyclopedia of Industrial... |
| Number of membrane disks in rod photoreceptor cell | Toad | ~2,000 | disks/cell | 111343 | F. Rieke and D. A. Baylor... |
| Retinal bipolar cell soma transverse width/diameter | Human Homo sapiens | 16 ([11,22]) | µm | 112291 | Crooks, J. and Kolb, H.... |
| Number of subtypes of retinal neurons | Vertebrates | ~60 | subtypes | 117170 | Bloomfield SA, Völgyi... |
| Cone photoreceptor soma transverse width/diameter | Human Homo sapiens | 16 ([12,18]) | µm | 112292 | Crooks, J. and Kolb, H.... |
| Rod photoreceptor soma transverse width/diameter | Human Homo sapiens | 12 ([10,14]) | µm | 112293 | Crooks, J. and Kolb, H.... |
| Retinal ganglion cell soma transverse width/diameter | Human Homo sapiens | 26 ([21,32]) | µm | 112294 | Crooks, J. and Kolb, H.... |
| Highest density of cones at center of the fovea | Macaque Macaca nemestrina | 189000 | cones/mm^2 | 105345 | Curcio CA, Sloan KR Jr... |
| Time for conversion of rhodopsin to photorhodopsin | Cow Bos Taurus | 200 | fsec | 111395 | Saari JC. Biochemistry... |
| Number of transducin molecules that one single molecule of the light-activated receptor rhodopsin can turn over in intact rod cells | Toad Bufo marinus | >3,000 | transducins/rhodopsin | 110989 | Kahlert, M., and K. P.... |
| Number of rhodopsin molecules in rod photoreceptor cell | vertebrates | toad ~3×10^9: mammal ~10^8 | rhodopsins/rod | 111344 | F. Rieke and D. A. Baylor... |
| Number of discernible colors | Human Homo sapiens | 10^6 - 2×10^6 | different colors | 112607 | Meister M., On the d... |
| Quantitation of the Major ROS (Rod Outer Segment) Proteins | Bullfrog Rana catesbeiana | Table - link | N/A | 107942 | Hamm HE, Bownds MD. Protein... |
| Two possible depths of foveal pit | Birds | shallow 80-120 or deep 190-240 | µm | 117189 | Bringmann A. Structure... |
| Improvement in signal-to-noise ratio of each cone following coupling between foveal cones | Ground squirrel Spermophilus tridecimlinatus | ~80 | % | 117168 | Bloomfield SA, Völgyi... |
| Number of CCSs [clathrin-coated structures] in RPE [retinal pigment epithelium] cells | Human Homo sapiens | ~9,000±3,000 | CCSs/cell | 112144 | Aguet F, Antonescu CN... |
| Mean activation time in situ of one Gt (transducin) molecule | vertebrates | ~1 | millisec/transducin | 111000 | Kahlert, M., and K. P.... |
| Ratio of cone to ganglion cells in central fovea | macaque | 1 cone/2 ganglion cells | N/A | 100708 | Schein SJ. Anatomy of... |