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Fraction of intracellular water that has altered mobility

Range	≤10-15 %
Organism	Various
Reference	Luby-Phelps K. The physical chemistry of cytoplasm and its influence on cell function: an update. Mol Biol Cell. 2013 Sep24(17):2593-6. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E12-08-0617. p.2593 right column top paragraphPubMed ID23989722
Primary Source	Jasnin M, Moulin M, Haertlein M, Zaccai G, Tehei M (2008). Down to atomic-scale intracellular water dynamics. EMBO Rep 9, 543–547. & Persson E, Halle B (2008). Cell water dynamics on multiple time scales. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105, 6266–6271. & Stadler AM, Embs JP, Digel I, Artmann GM, Unruh T, Buldt G, Zaccai G (2008). Cytoplasmic water and hydration layer dynamics in human red blood cells. J Am Chem Soc 130, 16852–16853. & Potma EO, de Boeij WP, Wiersma DA (2001). Femtosecond dynamics of intracellular water probed with nonlinear optical Kerr effect microspectroscopy. Biophys J 80, 3019–3024.PubMed ID18451876, 18436650, 19053467, 11371474
Comments	"...measurement[s] of water mobility in intact cells under physiological conditions...have become available (first 3 primary sources), including a study of water relaxation times in cubic micrometer–sized subvolumes within living COS-1 cells (4th primary source). These studies suggest that at most 10–15% of intracellular water has altered mobility, and that although water molecules in the first layer of hydration may have relaxation times 10- to 15-fold lower than bulk, this does not propagate to water molecules over any significant distance, as the measured overall viscosity of intracellular water is only 70% higher than that of bulk water."
Entered by	Uri M
ID	110305