Subsurface depth at which microbial life can occur

Value 3.5 km
Organism Biosphere
Reference Young KD. The selective value of bacterial shape. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2006 Sep70(3):660-703 DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00001-06 p.676 left column 3rd paragraphPubMed ID16959965
Primary Source [174] Krumholz, L. 2000. Microbial communities in the deep subsurface. Hydrogeol. J. 8:4-10 [232] Newman DK, Banfield JF. Geomicrobiology: how molecular-scale interactions underpin biogeochemical systems. Science. 2002 May 10 296(5570):1071-7. DOI: 10.1126/science.1010716PubMed ID12004119
Comments P.676 left column 3rd paragraph: "Bacteria live on soil and other surfaces, in liquid, or at interfaces between the two, and their geological and geochemical impact is substantial, critical, and underappreciated (primary sources). Potentially able to live at depths of 3.5 km in the interstices of sandstone or shale, in deep groundwater and aquifers, and in suboceanic sediments, the biomass of these subsurface denizens may rival or exceed that of their aboveground relatives (primary sources). Even though only a few experiments specifically address the effects of cell shape on life in these environments, cellular morphology clearly affects how well prokaryotes drift or swim through these subterranean aqueous channels (ref 363)." Primary source [174] p.5 right column 2nd paragraph: "Colonization is limited to some extent by pore size of sediment and rock, but these rough calculations suggest that life can exist to a depth of at least 3.5 km (Gold T (1992) The hot deep biosphere. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 6045 PMID: 1631089)."
Entered by Uri M
ID 115600